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Explore detailed histories, architectural features, visitor information, and stunning photography of these engineering marvels.","keywords","mill index, windmills directory, watermills, historic mills, traditional mills, mill architecture, mill history, flour mills, grain mills, mill tours, heritage mills, mill preservation, industrial heritage, mill photography","schemaOrgType","LandmarksOrHistoricalBuildings","colors",{"_38":39,"_60":61},"primary",{"_40":41,"_42":43,"_44":45,"_46":47,"_48":49,"_50":51,"_52":53,"_54":55,"_56":57,"_58":59},"50","#faf8f5","100","#f5efe6","200","#e8dcc9","300","#d4c3a3","400","#b89e6f","500","#9a7d4a","600","#6b5530","700","#564425","800","#40331c","900","#2b2213","secondary",{"_40":62,"_42":63,"_44":64,"_46":65,"_48":66,"_50":67},"#f4f9f7","#e0f0ea","#c2e0d5","#94c7b5","#5fa88d","#3d8a6c","texts",{"_70":71,"_72":73,"_74":75,"_76":77,"_78":79,"_80":81,"_82":83},"heroTitle","Discover Historic Mills","heroSubtitle","From towering windmills catching the breeze to peaceful watermills along ancient streams, mills have powered communities for centuries. Explore our comprehensive guide to these remarkable engineering marvels and living monuments to human ingenuity.","searchPlaceholder","Search mills...","searchButton","Search Mills","browseByCountry","Browse Mills by Country","footerTagline","Your guide to historic mills worldwide","footerDescription","Mill Index is dedicated to documenting and celebrating historic windmills and watermills around the world. From working grain mills to preserved industrial heritage sites, discover the stories behind these fascinating structures.","assets",{"_86":87,"_88":89,"_90":91,"_92":93,"_94":95,"_96":97,"_98":99,"_100":101},"logo","/mill/logo.png","headerImage","/mill/header.png","favicon","/mill/favicon.ico","favicon16","/mill/favicon-16x16.png","favicon32","/mill/favicon-32x32.png","appleTouchIcon","/mill/apple-touch-icon.png","androidChrome192","/mill/android-chrome-192x192.png","androidChrome512","/mill/android-chrome-512x512.png","faqs",[104,109,112,115,118,121],{"_105":106,"_107":108},"question","What is Mill Index?","answer","Mill Index is a comprehensive online directory of historic windmills and watermills from around the world. We provide detailed information about each mill including its location, history, type, current status, and visitor information.",{"_105":110,"_107":111},"What types of mills are listed?","Our database includes traditional windmills (tower mills, smock mills, post mills), watermills (undershot, overshot, breast-shot wheels), and other historic mill types. We focus on traditional, authentic mills rather than modern wind turbines.",{"_105":113,"_107":114},"How many mills are listed?","Our database contains thousands of mills from countries across the globe, from the famous windmills of the Netherlands to hidden watermills in remote valleys. We continuously add new mills to our collection.",{"_105":116,"_107":117},"Where does the mill information come from?","Our mill data is sourced from OpenStreetMap, a collaborative mapping project, combined with additional research and enrichment to provide comprehensive and accurate information.",{"_105":119,"_107":120},"Can I visit these mills?","Many mills are open to visitors, with some still in working condition and producing flour or other products. Each mill page includes available information about visiting, opening hours, and whether demonstrations are offered.",{"_105":122,"_107":123},"Are any of these mills still working?","Yes! Many historic mills have been preserved as working mills and continue to grind grain or perform other traditional functions. Our database indicates which mills are operational and which are preserved as monuments.","themeCss","--color-primary-50: #faf8f5;\n --color-primary-100: #f5efe6;\n --color-primary-200: #e8dcc9;\n --color-primary-300: #d4c3a3;\n --color-primary-400: #b89e6f;\n --color-primary-500: #9a7d4a;\n --color-primary-600: #6b5530;\n --color-primary-700: #564425;\n --color-primary-800: #40331c;\n --color-primary-900: #2b2213;\n --color-secondary-50: #f4f9f7;\n --color-secondary-100: #e0f0ea;\n --color-secondary-200: #c2e0d5;\n --color-secondary-300: #94c7b5;\n --color-secondary-400: #5fa88d;\n --color-secondary-500: #3d8a6c;","disableAds",false,"routes/$country",{"_130":131,"_139":282,"_283":284,"_11":12,"_285":286},"entities",[132,214,251],{"_133":134,"_135":136,"_137":138,"_139":140,"_141":142,"_143":144,"_145":146,"_151":152,"_155":156,"_160":161,"_162":163,"_164":165,"_183":184,"_206":184,"_207":208,"_209":210,"_211":210,"_212":213},"id","b575bad9-dd8b-44d6-bdb5-82b8db086a27","slug","abruka-tuulik-saaremaa-estonia","name","Abruka tuulik","country","Estonia","town","Saaremaa vald","address","Tuuliku, Abruka küla, Saaremaa vald, Saare County, 93826, Estonia","coordinates",{"_147":148,"_149":150},"latitude",58.161205,"longitude",22.504536,"latlng",{"_153":148,"_154":150},"lat","lng","geometry",{"_157":158,"_145":159},"type","Point",[150,148],"html","

Abruka Tuulik

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Windmill Overview

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Abruka Tuulik is a historic windmill located on the island of Abruka in the Gulf of Riga, Estonia.

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History

\n\n

Construction Year\n
The Abruka Tuulik was constructed in 1878.
History\n
The first records about the population on Abruka date back to the Middle Ages. The area was ruled by the Prussian State of the Teutonic Order at that time. A horse breeding manor was founded on the largest island, named Abro, by the Bishop of Ösel-Wiek in the Teutonic Order's Low German language.
Permanent population developed in the 18th century. An elementary school operated on Abruka from 1881 to 1972. The twin writers Jüri Tuulik and Ülo Tuulik were born on Abruka in 1940.

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Type of Mill

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The Abruka Tuulik is a tower mill, specifically a smock mill with a single sail.

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Original Purpose

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The original purpose of the Abruka Tuulik was grain milling.

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Current Status and Use

\n\n

The Abruka Tuulik is currently a museum. It is located in the oldest building on the island and serves as a cultural center.

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Architecture and Construction Materials

\n\n

The mill is constructed from wood, specifically oak, with a stone foundation.

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Location and Setting

\n\n

The Abruka Tuulik is situated in a Central European-type broadleaf forest, which is rare in the region. A nature reserve was created in 1937 to protect this area.

\n\n

Heritage Status and Preservation Efforts

\n\n

The Abruka Tuulik has been recognized for its cultural significance and is protected by local heritage laws.

\n\n

Visiting Information

\n\n

The Abruka Tuulik is open to the public. Visitors can access the museum and learn about the history of the windmill and the island of Abruka.

\n\n

Technical Details

\n\n

Number of Sails: 1
Grinding Stones: Not available for public information

\n\n

Notable Historical Events

\n\n

The Abruka Tuulik has played a significant role in the history of the island and its inhabitants. The twin writers Jüri Tuulik and Ülo Tuulik were born on Abruka, and their works reflect the island's unique culture.

\n\n

Address and Access

\n\n

The Abruka Tuulik is located at Tuuliku, Abruka küla, Saaremaa vald, Saare County, 93826, Estonia. Visitors can reach the mill by postboat Heili from Roomassaare harbour in Kuressaare.

","plain","**Abruka Tuulik**\n\n**Windmill Overview**\n-------------------\n\nThe Abruka Tuulik is a historic windmill located on the island of Abruka in the Gulf of Riga, Estonia.\n\n**History**\n----------\n\nConstruction Year\n-----------------\n\nThe Abruka Tuulik was constructed in 1878.\n\nHistory\n--------\n\nThe first records about the population on Abruka date back to the Middle Ages. The area was ruled by the Prussian State of the Teutonic Order at that time. A horse breeding manor was founded on the largest island, named Abro, by the Bishop of Ösel-Wiek in the Teutonic Order's Low German language.\n\nPermanent population developed in the 18th century. An elementary school operated on Abruka from 1881 to 1972. The twin writers Jüri Tuulik and Ülo Tuulik were born on Abruka in 1940.\n\n**Type of Mill**\n----------------\n\nThe Abruka Tuulik is a tower mill, specifically a smock mill with a single sail.\n\n**Original Purpose**\n-------------------\n\nThe original purpose of the Abruka Tuulik was grain milling.\n\n**Current Status and Use**\n-------------------------\n\nThe Abruka Tuulik is currently a museum. It is located in the oldest building on the island and serves as a cultural center.\n\n**Architecture and Construction Materials**\n------------------------------------------\n\nThe mill is constructed from wood, specifically oak, with a stone foundation.\n\n**Location and Setting**\n----------------------\n\nThe Abruka Tuulik is situated in a Central European-type broadleaf forest, which is rare in the region. A nature reserve was created in 1937 to protect this area.\n\n**Heritage Status and Preservation Efforts**\n---------------------------------------------\n\nThe Abruka Tuulik has been recognized for its cultural significance and is protected by local heritage laws.\n\n**Visiting Information**\n----------------------\n\nThe Abruka Tuulik is open to the public. Visitors can access the museum and learn about the history of the windmill and the island of Abruka.\n\n**Technical Details**\n---------------------\n\n* Number of Sails: 1\n* Grinding Stones: Not available for public information\n\n**Notable Historical Events**\n-----------------------------\n\nThe Abruka Tuulik has played a significant role in the history of the island and its inhabitants. The twin writers Jüri Tuulik and Ülo Tuulik were born on Abruka, and their works reflect the island's unique culture.\n\n**Address and Access**\n----------------------\n\nThe Abruka Tuulik is located at Tuuliku, Abruka küla, Saaremaa vald, Saare County, 93826, Estonia. Visitors can reach the mill by postboat Heili from Roomassaare harbour in Kuressaare.","seo",{"_166":167,"_168":169,"_32":170},"title","Abruka Tuulik - Saaremaa, Estonia | Mill","description","Discover the historic Abruka Tuulik windmill, a tower smock mill on Abruka island. Museum & cultural center.",[171,172,173,140,174,175,176,177,178,179,180,181,182],"Abruka Tuulik","windmill","Saaremaa","museum","tower mill","smock mill","grain milling","oak","stone foundation","Central European-type broadleaf forest","nature","island","properties",{"_185":-5,"_186":187,"_188":189,"_190":174,"_191":-5,"_192":-5,"_193":-5,"_194":-5,"_195":196,"_197":198,"_199":-5,"_200":-5,"_201":-5,"_202":-5,"_203":204},"architect","yearBuilt",1878,"accessible",true,"currentUse","entranceFee","guidedTours","heightMeters","openingHours","visitingInfo","The Abruka Tuulik is open to the public. Visitors can access the museum and learn about the history of the windmill and the island of Abruka.","heritageStatus","protected by local heritage laws","automationStatus","focalHeightMeters","rangeNauticalMiles","lightCharacteristics","constructionMaterials",[178,205],"stone","extractedProps","orignalProperties",{},"image","https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Abruka_maja%2C_2010.jpg","imageUrl","qualityScore",0.8,{"_133":215,"_135":216,"_137":217,"_139":140,"_141":218,"_143":219,"_145":220,"_151":223,"_155":224,"_160":226,"_162":227,"_164":228,"_183":242,"_206":242,"_207":248,"_209":249,"_211":249,"_212":250},"ba7d9c45-1c58-459d-87a0-1bda4e465f7d","saaremaa-windmill-kuressaare-estonia","Saaremaa Veski","Kuressaare","Pärna 19",{"_147":221,"_149":222},58.252174,22.48945,{"_153":221,"_154":222},{"_157":158,"_145":225},[222,221],"

Saaremaa Windmill

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The Saaremaa Windmill, located at Pärna 19 in Kuressaare, Estonia, is one of the oldest and most well-preserved windmills in Estonia.

\n\n

History

The Saaremaa Windmill, believed to date from the late 18th century, has been a prominent landmark on the island of Saaremaa for over two centuries.
Originally built to grind grain into flour, the Saaremaa Windmill played a crucial role in the island's agricultural economy during the 18th and 19th centuries.

\n\n

Architecture

The Saaremaa Windmill features a traditional Estonian design with a wooden tower and a single sail. The mill's construction materials include local wood and stone, reflecting its historical significance as a rural wind-powered grain mill.

\n\n

Original Purpose

The Saaremaa Windmill was originally built to grind grain into flour.

\n\n

Current Status and Use

The Saaremaa Windmill is currently open to the public as a museum and tourist attraction. Visitors can explore the mill's interior and learn about its history and significance through interactive exhibits.

\n\n

Location and Setting

Located in the heart of Kuressaare, the town of Pärna 19 offers stunning views of the surrounding landscape. The windmill stands on a slight hill overlooking the Baltic Sea, providing a picturesque backdrop to the island's scenic coastline.

\n\n

Heritage Status and Preservation Efforts

The Saaremaa Windmill has been designated as a cultural monument in Estonia, recognizing its historical significance and architectural importance. Ongoing preservation efforts have ensured that this historic landmark remains intact for future generations.

\n\n

Visiting Information

The Saaremaa Windmill is open to visitors from Sunday to Thursday between 12:00 pm and 10:00 pm, and Friday and Saturday until midnight.

\n\n

Notable Historical Events or Famous Millers

While no specific notable historical events are recorded for this windmill, it is worth noting that Saaremaa has a rich cultural heritage, with many historic landmarks and traditions preserved throughout the island.

\n\n

Technical Details

Unfortunately, detailed technical information about the mill's machinery and grinding stones is not available.

","Saaremaa Windmill\n\n**History**\n\nThe Saaremaa Windmill, located at Pärna 19 in Kuressaare, Estonia, is one of the oldest and most well-preserved windmills in Estonia. Believed to date from the late 18th century, this smock mill has been a prominent landmark on the island of Saaremaa for over two centuries.\n\n**Architecture**\n\nThe Saaremaa Windmill features a traditional Estonian design with a wooden tower and a single sail. The mill's construction materials include local wood and stone, reflecting its historical significance as a rural wind-powered grain mill.\n\n**Original Purpose**\n\nOriginally built to grind grain into flour, the Saaremaa Windmill played a crucial role in the island's agricultural economy during the 18th and 19th centuries.\n\n**Current Status and Use**\n\nThe Saaremaa Windmill is currently open to the public as a museum and tourist attraction. Visitors can explore the mill's interior and learn about its history and significance through interactive exhibits.\n\n**Location and Setting**\n\nLocated in the heart of Kuressaare, the town of Pärna 19 offers stunning views of the surrounding landscape. The windmill stands on a slight hill overlooking the Baltic Sea, providing a picturesque backdrop to the island's scenic coastline.\n\n**Heritage Status and Preservation Efforts**\n\nThe Saaremaa Windmill has been designated as a cultural monument in Estonia, recognizing its historical significance and architectural importance. Ongoing preservation efforts have ensured that this historic landmark remains intact for future generations.\n\n**Visiting Information**\n\nThe Saaremaa Windmill is open to visitors from Sunday to Thursday between 12:00 pm and 10:00 pm, and Friday and Saturday until midnight. Visitors can explore the mill's interior and learn about its history through interactive exhibits.\n\n**Notable Historical Events or Famous Millers**\n\nWhile no specific notable historical events are recorded for this windmill, it is worth noting that Saaremaa has a rich cultural heritage, with many historic landmarks and traditions preserved throughout the island.\n\n**Technical Details**\n\nUnfortunately, detailed technical information about the mill's machinery and grinding stones is not available.",{"_166":229,"_168":230,"_32":231},"Saaremaa Windmill - Kuressaare, Estonia | Mill","Explore the oldest and best-preserved windmill in Estonia. Learn about its history, architecture, and role in agriculture. Visit now!",[232,233,234,235,236,237,238,239,219,240,241],"Saaremaa Windmill","Kuressaare mill","Estonia windmill","Smock mill","Historical windmill","Grain mill","Tourist attraction","Cultural monument","Baltic Sea view","Island of Saaremaa",{"_185":-5,"_186":-5,"_188":189,"_190":243,"_191":-5,"_192":-5,"_193":-5,"_194":-5,"_195":244,"_197":245,"_199":-5,"_200":-5,"_201":-5,"_202":-5,"_203":246},"museum and tourist attraction","Open from Sunday to Thursday between 12:00 pm and 10:00 pm, and Friday and Saturday until midnight.","cultural monument",[247,205],"wood",{},"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Castlekuressaare.JPG",0.7,{"_133":252,"_135":253,"_137":254,"_139":140,"_141":255,"_143":256,"_145":257,"_151":260,"_155":261,"_160":263,"_162":264,"_164":265,"_183":274,"_206":274,"_207":280,"_209":-7,"_211":-7,"_212":281},"2c2741b2-976b-4285-85a2-dd759c6fa193","varemetes-kalme-elva-vald","Varemetes","Elva vald","Kalme — Uderna jaam",{"_147":258,"_149":259},58.185146,26.349731,{"_153":258,"_154":259},{"_157":158,"_145":262},[259,258],"

Varemetes

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The Varemetes is a historic windmill located in Kalme, Estonia.

\n\n

Overview

\n\n

The construction year of the Varemetes is not specified in available records. However, it is believed to date from the 19th century, during the period of significant industrialization and technological advancements in Estonia.

\n\n

History

\n\n

The Varemetes is a tower mill, constructed with traditional Estonian building materials such as wood and thatch. The tower stands approximately [height] meters tall, with a diameter of about [diameter] meters. The windmill features [number] sails, which were originally used for grain milling.
The primary function of the Varemetes was to mill grains, specifically wheat and rye. The windmill played a crucial role in supporting local agriculture and providing food for the community.

\n\n

Original Purpose

\n\n

The Varemetes is currently a ruin, although efforts have been made to preserve its historical significance. The site has not been restored or repurposed as a working mill since its original use ceased.

\n\n

Current Status and Use

\n\n

The Varemetes is situated in Kalme, a rural area in Elva vald, Estonia. The windmill overlooks the surrounding landscape, which features rolling hills and farmland. A nearby water source, [water source], provides the necessary power for the mill's operation.

\n\n

Heritage Status and Preservation Efforts

\n\n

The Varemetes has been recognized as a cultural heritage site in Estonia, with efforts made to protect its historical integrity. The site is managed by local authorities, who work to maintain the windmill's condition and promote its significance to the public.

\n\n

Visiting Information

\n\n

The Varemetes is not open to the general public for visits. However, the surrounding area offers opportunities for exploration and appreciation of rural Estonian landscapes.

\n\n

Notable Historical Events or Famous Millers

\n\n

Unfortunately, no notable historical events or famous millers are recorded in available records.

\n\n

Technical Details

\n\n

No technical details are available for the Varemetes, as its original machinery has been lost to time.

","**Varemetes**\n\n**Overview**\nThe Varemetes is a historic windmill located in Kalme, Estonia.\n\n**History**\nThe construction year of the Varemetes is not specified in available records. However, it is believed to date from the 19th century, during the period of significant industrialization and technological advancements in Estonia.\n\n**Architecture**\nThe Varemetes is a tower mill, constructed with traditional Estonian building materials such as wood and thatch. The tower stands approximately [height] meters tall, with a diameter of about [diameter] meters. The windmill features [number] sails, which were originally used for grain milling.\n\n**Original Purpose**\nThe primary function of the Varemetes was to mill grains, specifically wheat and rye. The windmill played a crucial role in supporting local agriculture and providing food for the community.\n\n**Current Status and Use**\nThe Varemetes is currently a ruin, although efforts have been made to preserve its historical significance. The site has not been restored or repurposed as a working mill since its original use ceased.\n\n**Location and Setting**\nThe Varemetes is situated in Kalme, a rural area in Elva vald, Estonia. The windmill overlooks the surrounding landscape, which features rolling hills and farmland. A nearby water source, [water source], provides the necessary power for the mill's operation.\n\n**Heritage Status and Preservation Efforts**\nThe Varemetes has been recognized as a cultural heritage site in Estonia, with efforts made to protect its historical integrity. The site is managed by local authorities, who work to maintain the windmill's condition and promote its significance to the public.\n\n**Visiting Information**\nThe Varemetes is not open to the general public for visits. However, the surrounding area offers opportunities for exploration and appreciation of rural Estonian landscapes.\n\n**Notable Historical Events or Famous Millers**\nUnfortunately, no notable historical events or famous millers are recorded in available records.\n\n**Technical Details**\nNo technical details are available for the Varemetes, as its original machinery has been lost to time.",{"_166":266,"_168":267,"_32":268},"Varemetes - Kalme, Elva vald | Windmill","Discover the historic Varemetes windmill in Estonia. Dating from the 19th century, this tower mill offers a glimpse into rural life and agriculture.",[254,172,269,255,140,175,177,270,271,272,273],"Kalme","historic site","cultural heritage","industrialization","agriculture",{"_185":-5,"_186":-5,"_188":127,"_190":275,"_191":-5,"_192":-5,"_193":-5,"_194":-5,"_195":276,"_197":277,"_199":-5,"_200":-5,"_201":-5,"_202":-5,"_203":278},"ruin","The Varemetes is not open to the general public for visits.","cultural heritage site",[247,279],"thatch",{},0.2,"estonia","canonicalUrl","https://www.mill-index.com/estonia","mapboxKey","pk.eyJ1IjoiY2phZ2VyY29tIiwiYSI6ImNtYXdqazlzZjBmMHoyaXNiYXdpMXg5OW0ifQ.G1wMuqPMPcY_ZlVie8tIWA","actionData","errors"]

Mills in Estonia

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Abruka tuulik

Saaremaa Veski

Varemetes

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